TN English IV
Writing Standards

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Language Arts Curriculum Standards 3005 - English IV	Internet Resources
Checks for Understanding (Formative/Summative Assessment) 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.10 | 3.11 | 3.12 | 3.13 | 3.14 | 3.15 | 3.16 | 3.17 | 3.18 | 3.19 | 3.20 | 3.21
Write in a variety of modes (e.g., a summary; an explanation; a description; a creative expression; a literary analysis, informational, research, or argumentative essay). 3005.3.1	12 Exercises for Improving Dialogue - from the Writer's Resource Center Checklist: Elements of Literary Style - questions to ask oneself while reading works to determine styles [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Dialogue With a Purpose - how to create and handle dialogue Dialogue Workshop - - writing suggestions from Holly Lisle Narrative and Dialogue - A Contrast In Writing Styles Persuasive Writing - the message must always be crafted to appeal to our audience's self-interest The Five Paragraph Essay Wizard - Persuasive Essay and prompts [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] The Power of Persuasive Writing - a three week communication skills and interdisciplinary middle school Internet project. (a WebQuest) Quiz - identify types of paragraphs - expository, narrative, persuasive, and descriptive Quiz - match a prompt to narrative, expository, persuasive, or descriptive writing Sample Essays - samples of a variety of modes and genres Screen Writers Toolkit: Writing Dialogue - a blog assembled and contributed to by writers who are interested in developing the craft of screen writing [make sure you see the Tarrantino Exercise using the Yellow pages] [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Which Writing? (6-8) Students choose an appropriate format for writing. Writing Dialogue - This is a dialogue sheet which can be used to teach students to include the basic characteristics of good dialogue in their own writing. The form may be modified to include whatever characteristics the instructor desires. Writing Exercises: Dialogue - suggestions and exercises from the successful author Stephen J. Cannell Writing Model - interactive model of supporting an interpretation Writing Assignments and Student Essays - activities for a variety of modes and genres Writing a "How-to" Explanation - Student model as an example Writing a Personal Narrative - Student model as an example Writing a Persuasive Essay - Student model as an example
3005.3.2 Create sophisticated, complex work-related texts (e.g., instructions, directions, letters, bios, memos, proposals, project plans, work orders, reports) that employ the following strategies:
• Select a medium or format appropriate to purpose for writing.	Prewriting Tactics (6-8) - organize and group related ideas. Step-by-step Guide to Brainstorming - an effective way to generate lots of ideas and then determine which idea(s) best solves the problem Prewriting Techniques - from Friends University Writing Center [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Prewriting Techniques - from Mason, Kentucky [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Purpose for Writing - a lesson about the main reason that people create documents Writing with a sense of purpose - lesson with practice Activities in Writing Purpose Statements - Critique purpose statements A Handbook of Rhetorical Devices - definitions and examples of more than sixty traditional rhetorical devices, all of which can still be useful today to improve the effectiveness, clarity, and enjoyment of your writing Creating an Argument Structure - a three page MS Word document on the two main parts to creating an argument structure Creating a Strong Written Argument - A strong argument has a recognizable structure - especially for a timed essay like the SAT's. The chart at this site presents this structure and relates it to these key terms that the SAT clearly emphasizes. Critical Reasoning Warm-ups - These are warm-ups for people who are somewhat familiar with critical reasoning questions. These questions are a good way to start your brain thinking before you answer the real questions. Letter styles - explanations of various types of letters Modes of Writing - definitions of various modes of writing Organizing Your Argument - A twenty-two slide presentation brought to you by the Purdue University Writing Lab Personal Business Block Style Letter With Open Punctuation Example - different examples of formatting styles Purposes in Writing - explanation of various purposes from writers' point of view Take Notes - students evaluate what items should be included in the opening paragraph of a news story
• Vary strategies to achieve complex purposes.
• Sustain consistent and effective focus on audience through format, ideas, and word choice.	Audience Analysis - audience analysis can help you gain valuable insight about your readers Helpful Hints for Presenters - [16 slides] many good suggestions can be found in this PowerPoint show by Silvi Marina In Search of an Audience - consider what attitudes and assumptions potential audience members will bring with them Writing Guide: Audience - Recognize that different readers can best understand different messages
• Anticipate potential problems, mistakes, and misunderstandings and respond to counterarguments.	What, then, are some of the things to look for? - scroll down to middle of article for list of nonverbal clues Writing Guide: Audience - Recognize that different readers can best understand different messages [adapt this guide to help students craft their oral presentation]
• Translate technical language into non-technical English when necessary.
• Provide specific ideas, extended examples, and appropriate comparisons to support the main points in the text.	Main Idea and Supporting Details - Quia quiz - don't enter your real name, put one letter or number in each box to go to the quiz Inferring Supporting Details - online activity - Select the supporting detail implied in each passage Power Writing for Paragraphs - simple explanation on writing supporting details and activity Supporting Ideas - Determine the number of major details in the paragraphs below Techniques for Writing: Using Specific Language - Strike a balance between specific and general language. Interactive exercise. Writing supporting details - online activity - Read each main idea sentence. Write at least three supporting details
• Use an organizational strategy appropriate for medium, purpose, and audience.	Organizing and Developing Persuasive Paragraphs - article with diagram of example Patterns of Organization - examples of achieving this in your writing Patterns of Organization - fifteen points in slide show format explaining general patterns of organization Principles of organization - help your reader discover relationships that connect things, that make things seem more coherent. Techniques for Writing: Using Specific Language - Strike a balance between specific and general language. Interactive exercise.
• Follow customary formats (e.g., use salutation, closing and signature for business letters, and format for memos).	Business Letter: Block Form - from the University of Wisconsin - Madison Writing Center Business Letter: Indented Form - from the University of Wisconsin - Madison Writing Center Business Letter Format - a good handout to print for your students Business Letter Format - from the Letter Writing Guide Business Letter Format Tips - business letters can be subdivided into two basic groups: the block format and various indented formats Business Letter Formats - basic guidelines for letters and memos How to Format a US Business Letter - The main formats for business letters in the US are called full block format and modified block format Personal Business Block Style Letter With Open Punctuation Example - different examples of formatting styles Purposes in Writing - explanation of various purposes from writers' point of view Sample Business Letter - this sample includes the formal components of full block business letters Tone in Business Writing - provides overviews and examples of how to use tone in business writing. This includes considering the audience and purpose for writing Use the Correct Business Letter Format - this guide even includes suggestions for paper, short memos, and business e-mail Writing the Basic Business Letter - this handout covers the parts of the basic business letter - from the OWL at Purdue
• Format text purposefully and effectively to support comprehension and enable the reader to find information quickly and easily (e.g., format by designing graphics to convey complex information).	Cause and Effect Chain - graphic organizer [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Concept Maps Explained - Concept maps and story webs are visual ways to structure ideas. (sample included Copyright in an Electronic Environment - Fair Use Guidelines for Multimedia Creating a Multimedia Presentation - Follow the steps to make your multimedia presentation Five main types of organizers - links showing examples of many types Graphic Organizers - from Enchanted Learning Graphic Organizers from Education Place Helpful Hints for Presenters - [16 slides] many good suggestions can be found in this PowerPoint show by Silvi Marina Index of Graphic Organizers - from Inspiration Multimedia Presentation Checklist - adaptable for middle school students; a customized checklist that you can print out Photo Analysis Guide - how to analyze photo elements Short Story Elements - five question multiple-choice quiz Ten Tips for PowerPoint Slide Shows - create and deliver visual aids that complement and reinforce your message. Twelve Tips for Creating a Better PowerPoint Slide Show - produced by the Communications & Information Technology department at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln
• Employ formatting and varied visual elements to guide the reader (e.g., headings, bulleted lists, effective use of white space on the page).	Captions Help Tell the Story - students look at three pictures and try to determine which caption fits best Dust Bowl Timeline - (from PBS) Use this timeline to practice this SPI. Other Timelines at Internet4Classrooms Looking for the Fine Print - students read advertisements to practice reading critically Using Graph and Charts Interpreting a Data Chart - students practice by answering questions about what can be found in a grid chart Interpreting Column Graphs - students practice by answering ten questions about the graph Interpreting Circle (Pie) Graphs - students practice by answering eight questions about the graph Using Graphs to Understand Data - a five-question multiple-choice quiz Using Maps Beginner's Map Reading Skills - Several activities are presented to assist in teaching the concepts of reading maps. Graphs and charts - five different graphs and charts for you to consider How to read a map - Several activities are presented to assist in teaching the concepts of reading maps. [This expired index of pages is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] . Index of topics and quizzes - by David J. Leveson at CUNY in Brooklyn, NY Latitude and Longitude quiz - quiz that checks answers Map Reading Activities - practice reading maps using compasses, latitude, longitude and more Mathematics of Cartography - several map activity from Cynthia Lanius National Atlas of the United States What's On a Map? - eight questions about using various parts of a map Read All About It! - Newspapers are divided into standard sections. Students use sections to predict where types of stories would be found Reading Headlines - students read eight headlines and try to determine what the article is about Reading Headlines - Match the newspaper headlines on the left to the newspaper section on the right.
• Include clear and purposeful illustrative material to support ideas effectively in the text.	Concept Maps Explained - Concept maps and story webs are visual ways to structure ideas. (sample included Copyright in an Electronic Environment - Fair Use Guidelines for Multimedia Creating a Multimedia Presentation - Follow the steps to make your multimedia presentation Five main types of organizers - links showing examples of many types Graphic Organizers - from Enchanted Learning Graphic Organizers from Education Place Helpful Hints for Presenters - [16 slides] many good suggestions can be found in this PowerPoint show by Silvi Marina Index of Graphic Organizers - from Inspiration Multimedia Presentation Checklist - adaptable for middle school students; a customized checklist that you can print out Photo Analysis Guide - how to analyze photo elements Short Story Elements - five question multiple-choice quiz
Develop topics that address unfamiliar and abstract removed from students’ personal experiences and require in-depth analysis. 3005.3.3
Use a variety of strategies when appropriate (e.g., comparisons, anecdotes, detailed descriptions) to provide facts, details, reasons, and examples that support the thesis. 3005.3.4	Compose a Thesis Statement - Now that you have decided, at least tentatively, what information you plan to present in your essay, you are ready to write your thesis statement. Developing Paragraphs - ideas and activities on how to elaborate paragraphs. Guide to Writing Academic Essays - Guide to help support one's thesis. How To Write a Thesis Statement Outline - Outline of how to create a thesis. Thesis Builder - online interactive tool developed by Tom March, one of the co-developers of the WebQuest concept Thesis Statements - What the heck is a thesis, and why do I need one? Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements - from the OWL at Purdue
Develop and elaborate on ideas as appropriate to audience and anticipate and respond to readers’ potential questions and counterarguments. 3005.3.5
Include relevant, specific, and compelling details. 3005.3.6	An Informative Speech - Five Speech Building Requirements In Search of an Audience - article on understanding the needs of a particular audience Writing Guide: Audience - Recognize that different readers can best understand different messages Your Public Speaking Audience - article including a number of techniques and speaking styles to better reach them
Employ organizational structures and support, and incorporate multiple patterns when appropriate (e.g., combine question-answer and compare-contrast and utilize cause-and-effect as one example of comparison). 3005.3.7	Cause-Effect Adverb Clauses: Cause and Effect Relationships - complete the statement to create a cause and effect Cause and Effect Transitions - Combine two sentences using connecting words to show cause and effect. Cause and Effect - Quia Quiz Cause and Effect Activities and Quizzes - a collection of resources at Internet4Classrooms Cause and Effect Diagrams - Lesson showing how to think through causes of a problem Cause and Effect Sheet - Read passage online and answer questions on paper Cause and Effect Lesson - explore some cause and effect situations using graphic organizers Cause and Effect Pretest - Short passages to read, followed by questions, after taking the pretest try another Pre- test Cause and Effect quizzes - Quiz One | Quiz Two | Quiz Three | Quiz Four | Quiz Five Cause and Effect Slide Show Presentation - After viewing the show take a post test Cause-and-Effect Writing Challenges Students - The cause-and-effect relationship is both a way of thinking and a format for writing. Teachers who emphasize cause-and-effect writing say that they are helping students learn to think critically as well as write cogently. Read what three experienced teachers have to say about this teaching approach, which can be used with students of all ages. This is an article from Education World magazine Compare-Contrast Compare and Contrast Activities - a collection of resources at Internet4Classrooms Compare and Contrast Lesson Plans - a collection of resources at Internet4Classrooms Compare or Contrast? - Which is it? Read the sentence and decide whether you are comparing or contrasting Comparing and Contrasting Fables - apply literal, interpretive, and critical thinking skills to two versions of a fable. They will then draw a cartoon to illustrate the moral of one of the fables they read. Comparing and Contrasting: Picturing an Organizational Pattern - investigate picture books organized in comparison/contrast structures to discover methods of organization Compare/Contrast Online Activities - These activities help students read and write using compare and contrast. A good place to start would be "Help Lee Decide." After that, try "What Should Maria Do?" Enchanting Readers with Revisionist Fairy Tales - students will read three examples of literature in which common fairy tale themes are revised and then compare and contrast them thematically and in terms of form. Practice with Comparison and Contrast - lab activity to find and organize similarities and differences Test Tutor - compare and contrast practice Ordering the Phrases - interactive quiz - learn about the different stages of a presentation and to learn some phrases that tell your audience where you are in your presentation Patterns of Organization and Their Clue Words- handout; defines term with example word usage [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Principles of Organization - scroll to middle of page to get to this section - four broad principles Planning, Writing, and Completing Oral Presentations - quiz with 30 multiple choice questions and 5 essay questions
Create text features (e.g., headings subheadings, formatting) as appropriate to signal important points. 3005.3.8	Captions Help Tell the Story - students look at three pictures and try to determine which caption fits best Dust Bowl Timeline - (from PBS) Use this timeline to practice this SPI. Other Timelines at Internet4Classrooms Looking for the Fine Print - students read advertisements to practice reading critically Using Graph and Charts Interpreting a Data Chart - students practice by answering questions about what can be found in a grid chart Interpreting Column Graphs - students practice by answering ten questions about the graph Interpreting Circle (Pie) Graphs - students practice by answering eight questions about the graph Using Graphs to Understand Data - a five-question multiple-choice quiz Using Maps Beginner's Map Reading Skills - Several activities are presented to assist in teaching the concepts of reading maps. Graphs and charts - five different graphs and charts for you to consider How to read a map - Several activities are presented to assist in teaching the concepts of reading maps. [This expired index of pages is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] . Index of topics and quizzes - by David J. Leveson at CUNY in Brooklyn, NY Latitude and Longitude quiz - quiz that checks answers Map Reading Activities - practice reading maps using compasses, latitude, longitude and more Mathematics of Cartography - several map activity from Cynthia Lanius National Atlas of the United States What's On a Map? - eight questions about using various parts of a map Read All About It! - Newspapers are divided into standard sections. Students use sections to predict where types of stories would be found Reading Headlines - students read eight headlines and try to determine what the article is about Reading Headlines - Match the newspaper headlines on the left to the newspaper section on the right.
Use transitions to signal organizational patterns and to connect and contrast, and ideas. 3005.3.9	A chart of the transitional devices - also called conjunctive adverbs or adverbial conjunctions Making an Argument: Effective use of Transition Words - "explore and understand the use of transition words in context and write their own persuasive essay using transition words" Photo Analysis Guide - how to analyze photo elements Transitions and Transitional Devices - Brought to you by the Purdue University Online Writing Lab Transitional Devices - transitional guides are connectives (symbols,words, phrases; sometimes whole sentences and paragraphs) that make possible a smooth "passing over" from one idea to the next. Using Transitions by Ruth Luman - Interactive PowerPoint show [This expired link is available through the Wayback Machine Internet Archive. If the page doesn't load quickly click on Impatient? at the bottom right of the page.] Using Transitions - Gap-fill exercise Writing Academic Essays - transition words
Use precise language appropriate to audience and purpose (e.g., connotative words in essays, exact terminology in technical writing). 3005.3.10	Common Tone Words - a list of common tone words to help identify tone of stories A Rough Hierarchy for Revision and Editing - editing outline Seventh Grade Writing 2003 Test - [Note: This is a released test from Texas. They do not test Writing in the 8th grade] Read the introduction and the passage that follows. Then read each question and mark the circle next to the correct answer. | 2009 test | 2009-M test | 2006 Test | 2004 Test | Story Element Tone Frame - worksheet to print for students, or could be used as a whole class activity, defining the tone of the story being read Teaching Tone vs. Mood using Computer-Based Multimedia - lesson plan that can be adapted using Photostory 3.0 [this high school lesson plan could be adapted to teach this standard] Tone in Literary Fiction - review definition and examples of tone Tone in Business Writing - provides overviews and examples of how to use tone in business writing. This includes considering the audience and purpose for writing Writing Guide: Audience - Recognize that different readers can best understand different messages Writing with a Tone Appropriate for Audience and Purpose - lesson plan; a practical role playing exercise
Use compelling verbs and a variety of figurative language (e.g., irony, caricature, symbols, allusions) to meet the needs of audience and purpose. 3005.3.11	A Fun Way to Teach Similes - a lesson idea from Bruce Lansky Alliteration or Simile? - Choose whether each statement is an alliterative phrase, simile or neither. Bud, Not Buddy - quizzes on similes & metaphors Matching | Flashcards | Concentration Do you know your metaphors? - drag words to make a metaphor Do you know your similes? - drag the nouns to complete a Simile (Refresh the page to get a new set.) Figurative Language - [scroll down] terms, definitions, and an example Figurative Language Quiz - alliteration, similes and metaphors, personification, connotation and imagery Literature-Figurative Language-Part 1 - Read these lines from poems. Identify the meaning you think fits best. Literary Devices Quizzes - similes, metaphors, personification, slang/dialect and allusions - Matching | Concentration | Flashcards Metaphor Battleship Quiz - Quia quiz using the Battleship game format Metaphor Quiz - a five-question quiz at Quia Metaphor Quiz - a ten-question quiz at Quia Metaphor Quiz to print Poetic Devices - a classroom sign about the forms of poetic devices [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Poetry writing practice web [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Practicing onomatopoeia, alliteration, rhyme, simile and metaphor Word Play 1 | Word Play 2 | Word Play 3 | Word Play 4 | Word Play 5 | Word Play Simile lesson - includes a printable quiz Similes and Metaphors - Identify the comparison in each sentence as a simile or a metaphor [ignore the email address blank].
Use clear sentence structure in developing increasingly complex syntax. (e.g., combining short sentences, varying sentence beginnings, using a variety of sentence types, incorporating parallel structures). 3005.3.12	Colloquialisms - examples of formal and informal language Combining Sentences for Variety and Clarity - LEO offers a large number of sample revisions Formal Language in Reports - rewrite sentence using formal language. Sentence Variety - explanation with examples. Sentence Variety - This resource presents methods for adding sentence variety and complexity to writing that may sound repetitive or boring. Sections are divided into general tips for varying structure, a discussion of sentence types, and specific parts of speech which can aid in sentence variety. Sentence Variety - large number of tips about sentence variety plus links to related quizzes Sentence Variety - 37 slides explaining nine sentence patterns to encourage variety Writing an Informal Letter - Understanding the difference between formal and informal letters, vocabulary practice, writing practice
Demonstrate control of Standard English through correct application of grammar, usage, and mechanics. 3005.3.13	Adjectives Adjective or Adverb - Exercise 1 - This worksheet discusses the differences between adjectives and adverbs. It defines adjectives and adverbs, shows what each can do, and offers several examples of each in use. [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Adjective or Adverb - Exercise 2 - This worksheet discusses the differences between adjectives and adverbs. It defines adjectives and adverbs, shows what each can do, and offers several examples of each in use. [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Power Proofreading - Choose 8th grade then select; Eye It - Buy It, Kids' Quiz, The Young and the Clueless, or any one of the mixed practice exercises. Comparative and Superlative Quiz - use the pull down menus to see answers. Practicing adverbs, adjectives, nouns, pronouns, verbs - Word Skills 1 | Word Skills 2 | Word Skills 3 - each quiz has 20 multiple-choice questions Conjunctions Avoiding Comma Splices, Fused Sentences, and Run-On's - from LEO: Literacy Education Online Combining Sentences for Variety and Clarity - several methods and examples are given, however this page only combines two sentences. Conjunctions - Conjunctions are words used as joiners. Different kinds of conjunctions join different kinds of grammatical structures. Conjunctions - push the buttons to see if your answer was correct Conjunctions Quiz I - use the pull down menus to see answers. Conjunctions Quiz II - Combine the sentences using the conjunction given in parentheses. use the pull down menus to see answers. Conjunction-itis Popup - Find the correct conjunction form to combine two short sentences together into one! (a Quia quiz) The Need to Combine Sentences - Sentences have to be combined to avoid the monotony that would surely result if all sentences were brief and of equal length. This lesson is followed by three quizzes. Repairing Run-On Sentences - After each run-on sentence select the remedy that would best repair that sentence. Interjections Definition of interjections - explanation Interjections - list and meanings Interjection Lesson - from Grammar Monster Interjection Worksheet - Worksheet and lesson plan Interjection Quiz - use the pull down boxes to check your answer Interjection Test - click on each interjection and then slick on the green check my answers button Interjection Quiz - identify the interjection Pronouns Power Proofreading - Choose 8th grade then select; Word Workout, Eat Your Heart Out, Teen Time, or any one of the mixed practice exercises. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement - LEO: Literacy Education Online Agreement: pronoun antecedent from Big Dog's Grammar. After reviewing this material take an interactive quiz Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement - This tutorial will help you accomplish the following learning objectives: define and understand pronoun agreement, choose pronouns that agree with their antecedents in number, person, and gender and check and apply your skills. Pronoun Case - The case of some pronouns depends on their function in sentences or clauses. This lesson is followed by an interactive quiz. Pronoun Case - Brought to you by the Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL) Practicing adverbs, adjectives, nouns, pronouns, verbs - Word Skills 1 | Word Skills 2 | Word Skills 3 Verbs Controlling Shifts in Verb Tense - General guideline: Do not shift from one tense to another if the time frame for each action or state is the same. Power Proofreading - Choose 8th grade then select; E-mail to HME-TV Staff, Sour Sid on Sports, You Solve it, Weather or Not, Animal Alarm, or any one of the mixed practice exercises. Parts of Speech - Noun, Verb, Preposition, etc. Interactive quizzes Subject/verb agreement - Basic Principle: Singular subjects need singular verbs; plural subjects need plural verbs. Other SV agreement quizzes Quiz 2 | Quiz 3 Subject and Verb Agreement - from LEO: Literacy Education Online Subject Verb Agreement Quiz There is  or  there are? Tag Questions 1 - Present Tense/To Be Verb/Affirmative The CopyCat Game 1 from English-Zone Making Subjects and Verbs Agree - Brought to you by the Purdue University Online Writing Lab Subject-Verb Agreement - from The Writer's Handbook Subject Verb Agreement from Big Dog's Grammar Identifying transitive verbs - definition and examples [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Transitive verb quiz - quiz for classroom practice Transitive / Intransitive Verb - Lesson and follow up quiz - second set of lessons and follow up quiz Transitive and Intransitive verbs - definition and examples Transitive/Intransitive Quiz - interactive quiz Transitive/ Intransitive Quia quiz - Transitive / Intransitive - another Quia quiz Transitive/ Intransitive quiz - interactive quiz [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Transitive Lesson - Lesson and activity Verb Classification Quiz - quiz The grammar outlaw - Disagreeing Subject and Verb, AKA The Disagreeable Sentence [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Practicing past, present and future tenses - Tense Activity 1 | Tense Activity 2 | Tense Activity 3 Practicing adverbs, adjectives, nouns, pronouns, verbs - Word Skills 1 | Word Skills 2 | Word Skills 3
Employ grammar, usage, and mechanics as rhetorical tools, using incorrect structures as appropriate for effect (e.g., utilize short sentences or fragments for effect or have a single-sentence paragraph for effect). 3005.3.14
3005.3.15 When other sources are used or referenced (e.g., in research, informational, or literary essays), adhere to the following:
• Skillfully acknowledge source material (create a reliable bibliography, list of works cited, and/or works consulted).	How to Take Research Notes - tips and techniques from eHow An Introduction to Research - research a famous historical person using three sources of information (book, encyclopedia, and Internet); handouts and resources available for printing. Making Note Cards - visual example of how to make a note card Making Source Cards - examples citing from books and magazines Note-take effectively - things to keep in mind while taking notes [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Note-taking - Note-taking is considered by some to be the heart of the research process. There are many ways in which this can be done Notetaker from Read/Write/Think - Useful for a wide variety of reading and writing activities, this outlining tool allows students to organize up to five levels of information. Student Interactive from Read/Write/Think On Taking Notes While Reading - collect, organize, and store information that is relevant to your essay or research project. Online Citation Wizard - CSE style only Ready Reference and Library-Related Resources - from Kathy Schrock's site Reference Search - search engine with many reference sources to select from. Reference Search Quiz - Read each question. Choose the best answer by clicking in the circle. Referencing Guidelines - Referencing is a standardized method of acknowledging the sources of information and ideas you have used in any written work; examples of various types given. Take Notes - students evaluate what items should be included in the opening paragraph of a news story
• Cite sources using a standard format appropriate to the discipline (e.g., MLA, APA), with a high degree of accuracy.	Citing Electronic Sources - APA and MLA examples for numerous source materials Bibme - fully automatic bibliography maker that auto-fills. It's the easiest way to build a works cited page. Citation Machine - an interactive Web tool designed to assist teachers in modeling the proper use of information property (Students are welcome to use this as well) Citing Sources - Guide to Library Research - Documentation Guidelines: Citing Sources Within Your Paper MLA-Style Bibliography Builder - Choose a form, fill it out, and push the button... you will get an individual entry for a "Works Cited" page, which you may then copy and paste into your word processor. MLA, APA, AAA, Chicago (Turabian) Citation Guide - from North Seattle Community College Library Using American Psychological Association (APA) Format from the Online Writing Laboratory (OWL) at Purdue. Using Modern Language Association (MLA) Format from the Online Writing Laboratory (OWL) at Purdue. [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.]
• Strategically and skillfully quote, paraphrase, or summarize text, ideas, or other information taken from print or other electronic sources.	Exploring Plagiarism, Copyright, and Paraphrasing - lesson plan with associates links and material to print Incredible Shrinking Notes - lesson plan on how to summarize what is heard Paraphrase Craze - Well thought out lesson with lots of chances to practice. If you want to get rid of the horrible background in IE go to Tools, Internet Options, click on Accessibility at the bottom of the General tab and click Ingore Colors. Ahhh, much better. Paraphrase Practice Worksheet - two paragraphs to read and paraphrase on paper Paraphrase Self Test - Type something in the first box as the base text. Next type your paraphrase of the first text. As you type you will see an evaluation below the second box indicating overlapping language Paraphrase: Write it in Your Own Words - six steps to effective paraphrasing plus some examples of good (and bad) paraphrasing Paraphrasing - instructions on how to paraphrase; good beginning lesson Paraphrasing Exercise - [not interactive] five paragraphs to read and paraphrase on your own paper [ Possible Answers here ] Paraphrasing Practice - a six slide show - one at a time show the slides and allow students time to paraphrase. Note to teacher: Allow students time to read the slide carefully and then press the B key to black out your screen. Press B one more time to get back to the show. Paraphrasing Practice - suggestions on how to paraphrase followed by a paragraph to read and paraphrase on paper Paraphrasing Topic Sentences - Read five paragraphs and then select the sentence that best paraphrases the topic sentence of the paragraph. Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing - defines each and then tells why and how to use each Summarizing - lesson on learning to summarize Scaling Back to Essentials: Scaffolding Summarization With Fishbone Mapping -complete fishbone maps that highlight the main ideas and relevant details from a cause-effect text; lesson plan [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Self Test: Identifying and Avoiding Plagiarism - excellent examples and tests of the right way to quote, paraphrase and summarize Summarizing - interactive lesson and exercise 'Summarising' worksheets - worksheets to print and answer keys What is summarising? - UK site - understanding how to summarize (UK spelling used)
• Incorporate ideas and quotations effectively and correctly within text.	Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing - intended to help students become more comfortable with the uses of and distinctions among quotations, paraphrases, and summaries
• Embed quotations and graphics from other sources, when appropriate.	Cause and Effect Chain - graphic organizer [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Concept Maps Explained - Concept maps and story webs are visual ways to structure ideas. (sample included Copyright in an Electronic Environment - Fair Use Guidelines for Multimedia Creating a Multimedia Presentation - Follow the steps to make your multimedia presentation Five main types of organizers - links showing examples of many types Graphic Organizers - from Enchanted Learning Graphic Organizers from Education Place Helpful Hints for Presenters - [16 slides] many good suggestions can be found in this PowerPoint show by Silvi Marina Index of Graphic Organizers - from Inspiration Multimedia Presentation Checklist - adaptable for middle school students; a customized checklist that you can print out Photo Analysis Guide - how to analyze photo elements Short Story Elements - five question multiple-choice quiz Ten Tips for PowerPoint Slide Shows - create and deliver visual aids that complement and reinforce your message. Twelve Tips for Creating a Better PowerPoint Slide Show - produced by the Communications & Information Technology department at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Generate notes while collecting information. 3005.3.16	Fact Fragment Frenzy - interactive tool that models finding facts in nonfiction text How to Take Research Notes - tips and techniques from eHow Making Note Cards - visual example of how to make a note card Making Source Cards - examples citing from books and magazines Note-take effectively - things to keep in mind while taking notes [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Note Taking - transfer information from highlighted articles to note cards Note-Taking - rules for note-taking Note-taking - Note-taking is considered by some to be the heart of the research process. There are many ways in which this can be done Notetaker from Read/Write/Think - Useful for a wide variety of reading and writing activities, this outlining tool allows students to organize up to five levels of information. Student Interactive from Read/Write/Think On Taking Notes While Reading - collect, organize, and store information that is relevant to your essay or research project. Online Citation Wizard - CSE style only Ready Reference and Library-Related Resources - from Kathy Schrock's site Reference Search - search engine with many reference sources to select from. Reference Search Quiz - Read each question. Choose the best answer by clicking in the circle. Referencing Guidelines - Referencing is a standardized method of acknowledging the sources of information and ideas you have used in any written work; examples of various types given. Research Note Cards - 10 Tips for Taking Notes Study Skills-Taking notes - Taking notes helps make your learning active. [This expired page is from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Take Notes - students evaluate what items should be included in the opening paragraph of a news story Taking notes from a textbook - suggestions for taking notes from texts
Create a detailed outline based on research, note-taking, or other method of generating content. 3005.3.17	Essay Map - The Essay Map is an interactive graphic organizer that enables students to organize and outline their ideas for an informational, definitional, or descriptive essay. Student Interactive from Read/Write/Think Exploratree - free online library of thinking guides - you can print, but you can not save
Edit writing for mechanics (e.g., punctuation, capitalization), spelling, grammar (e.g., pronoun-antecedent relationship, use of modifying phrases), style (e.g., eliminating verbiage), and tone and mood as appropriate to audience, purpose, and context. 3005.3.18	Adjectives Adjective or Adverb - Exercise 1 - This worksheet discusses the differences between adjectives and adverbs. It defines adjectives and adverbs, shows what each can do, and offers several examples of each in use. [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Adjective or Adverb - Exercise 2 - This worksheet discusses the differences between adjectives and adverbs. It defines adjectives and adverbs, shows what each can do, and offers several examples of each in use. [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Power Proofreading - Choose 8th grade then select; Eye It - Buy It, Kids' Quiz, The Young and the Clueless, or any one of the mixed practice exercises. Comparative and Superlative Quiz - use the pull down menus to see answers. Practicing adverbs, adjectives, nouns, pronouns, verbs - Word Skills 1 | Word Skills 2 | Word Skills 3 - each quiz has 20 multiple-choice questions Conjunctions Avoiding Comma Splices, Fused Sentences, and Run-On's - from LEO: Literacy Education Online Combining Sentences for Variety and Clarity - several methods and examples are given, however this page only combines two sentences. Conjunctions - Conjunctions are words used as joiners. Different kinds of conjunctions join different kinds of grammatical structures. Conjunctions - push the buttons to see if your answer was correct Conjunctions Quiz I - use the pull down menus to see answers. Conjunctions Quiz II - Combine the sentences using the conjunction given in parentheses. use the pull down menus to see answers. Conjunction-itis Popup - Find the correct conjunction form to combine two short sentences together into one! (a Quia quiz) The Need to Combine Sentences - Sentences have to be combined to avoid the monotony that would surely result if all sentences were brief and of equal length. This lesson is followed by three quizzes. Repairing Run-On Sentences - After each run-on sentence select the remedy that would best repair that sentence. Interjections Definition of interjections - explanation Interjections - list and meanings Interjection Lesson - from Grammar Monster Interjection Worksheet - Worksheet and lesson plan Interjection Quiz - use the pull down boxes to check your answer Interjection Test - click on each interjection and then slick on the green check my answers button Interjection Quiz - identify the interjection Pronouns Power Proofreading - Choose 8th grade then select; Word Workout, Eat Your Heart Out, Teen Time, or any one of the mixed practice exercises. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement - LEO: Literacy Education Online Agreement: pronoun antecedent from Big Dog's Grammar. After reviewing this material take an interactive quiz Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement - This tutorial will help you accomplish the following learning objectives: define and understand pronoun agreement, choose pronouns that agree with their antecedents in number, person, and gender and check and apply your skills. Pronoun Case - The case of some pronouns depends on their function in sentences or clauses. This lesson is followed by an interactive quiz. Pronoun Case - Brought to you by the Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL) Practicing adverbs, adjectives, nouns, pronouns, verbs - Word Skills 1 | Word Skills 2 | Word Skills 3 Verbs Controlling Shifts in Verb Tense - General guideline: Do not shift from one tense to another if the time frame for each action or state is the same. Power Proofreading - Choose 8th grade then select; E-mail to HME-TV Staff, Sour Sid on Sports, You Solve it, Weather or Not, Animal Alarm, or any one of the mixed practice exercises. Parts of Speech - Noun, Verb, Preposition, etc. Interactive quizzes Subject/verb agreement - Basic Principle: Singular subjects need singular verbs; plural subjects need plural verbs. Other SV agreement quizzes Quiz 2 | Quiz 3 Subject and Verb Agreement - from LEO: Literacy Education Online Subject Verb Agreement Quiz There is  or  there are? Tag Questions 1 - Present Tense/To Be Verb/Affirmative The CopyCat Game 1 from English-Zone Making Subjects and Verbs Agree - Brought to you by the Purdue University Online Writing Lab Subject-Verb Agreement - from The Writer's Handbook Subject Verb Agreement from Big Dog's Grammar Identifying transitive verbs - definition and examples [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Transitive verb quiz - quiz for classroom practice Transitive / Intransitive Verb - Lesson and follow up quiz - second set of lessons and follow up quiz Transitive and Intransitive verbs - definition and examples Transitive/Intransitive Quiz - interactive quiz Transitive/ Intransitive Quia quiz - Transitive / Intransitive - another Quia quiz Transitive/ Intransitive quiz - interactive quiz [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Transitive Lesson - Lesson and activity Verb Classification Quiz - quiz The grammar outlaw - Disagreeing Subject and Verb, AKA The Disagreeable Sentence [This expired page comes from the Internet Archive known as the Wayback Machine.] Practicing past, present and future tenses - Tense Activity 1 | Tense Activity 2 | Tense Activity 3 Practicing adverbs, adjectives, nouns, pronouns, verbs - Word Skills 1 | Word Skills 2 | Word Skills 3
Drawing on reader’s comments, revise papers to focus on the thesis, develop ideas, address potential objections, employ effective transitions, identify a clear beginning and ending, correct logic errors, and identify areas for further development. 3005.3.19	A chart of the transitional devices - also called conjunctive adverbs or adverbial conjunctions Making an Argument: Effective use of Transition Words - "explore and understand the use of transition words in context and write their own persuasive essay using transition words" Transitional Devices (Connecting Words) - Brought to you by the Purdue University Online Writing Lab Transitional Devices - transitional guides are connectives (symbols,words, phrases; sometimes whole sentences and paragraphs) that make possible a smooth "passing over" from one idea to the next. Using Transitions by Ruth Luman - Interactive PowerPoint show [This expired link is available through the Wayback Machine Internet Archive. If the page doesn't load quickly click on Impatient? at the bottom right of the page.] Using Transitions - Gap-fill exercise Writing Academic Essays - transition words
Use software (e.g., Photoshop, Acrobat, Dreamweaver, Pagemaker) to incorporate both basic and specialized effects into writing. 3005.3.20
Determine how and when to employ technology effectively in written communication. 3005.3.21
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